The recent rainfall has brought about a drastic change in the water situation in Spain, with reservoirs recovering more than 4,300 hm³ and an increase in the rainfall surplus of 18 points, according to the AEMET (State Meteorological Agency). Although this relief is essential for the recharge of aquifers and the recovery of ecosystems, the impact on soil and vegetation, especially scrubland, is complex and presents both benefits and challenges.
🌱 Positive Effects on Soil and Scrubland
· Recharging aquifers and wetlands: The infiltration of water into the soil contributes to the regeneration of springs and underground aquifers, which are fundamental for ecological stability.
· Revitalisation of vegetation: The availability of water favours the growth of scrubland and other native species, reinforcing their role in carbon capture and biodiversity conservation.
· Increased vegetation cover: Rainfall can facilitate the expansion of scrubland, helping to stabilise the soil and reduce erosion in high-risk areas.
⚠️ Risks Associated with Heavy Rainfall
· Erosion and loss of fertile soil: In areas where there is not enough vegetation to cushion the force of the water, torrential rain can cause landslides and the loss of essential nutrients.
· Increased risk of fire in summer: Accelerated growth of vegetation due to rain can lead to a large accumulation of dry biomass in summer, increasing the risk of forest fires.
· Competition between species: Excess water can favour some invasive species, displacing native vegetation and affecting the balance of the ecosystem.
The Importance of Sustainable Management
To maximise the benefits of these rains and reduce their negative impacts, it is crucial to invest in projects for the restoration and sustainable management of soil and vegetation. Initiatives such as LIFE Scrubsnet work on the recovery of scrubland in the dehesa-montado, helping to fix the soil, absorb water and improve the resilience of the ecosystem in the face of these extreme climate changes.
Water is a key resource, but its management must be strategic to guarantee the health of soils and biodiversity in the future.